As important as our Constitution is, there is no one accepted way of interpreting it. Indeed, for some commentators, it seems that if they like or prefer a particular policy or conduct, then it must be constitutional; while the policies that they do not prefer or like are unconstitutional. Obviously, this approach cannot be right. But, it certainly is at the center of the process of selecting judges. It goes something like this. If a judge does not think that abortion is best as a matter of policy or personal opinion, then the thought is that he or she will find it unconstitutional; while the judge who thinks it is good policy will find it constitutional. Those who think this way often seem to believe that since this is the way they themselves think, everyone must be doing the same thing. In this sense, legal realism morphs into legal cynicism. Certainly this is no way to run a railroad, not to mention interpret the Constitution. . . .
Let me put it this way; there are really only two ways to interpret the
Constitution -- try to discern as best we can what the framers intended or make it up. No matter how ingenious, imaginative or artfully put, unless interpretive methodologies are tied to the original intent of the framers, they have no more basis in the Constitution than the latest football scores. To be sure, even the most conscientious effort to adhere to the original intent of the framers of our Constitution is flawed, as all methodologies and human institutions are; but at least originalism has the advantage of being legitimate and, I might add, impartial.
Contrast that with the philosophy The One will be employing when he looks for a Supreme Court nominee.
"We need somebody who's got the heart, the empathy, to recognize what it's
like to be a young teenage mom. The empathy to understand what it's like to be
poor, or African-American, or gay, or disabled, or old. And that's the criteria
by which I'm going to be selecting my judges."
Or this:
So this is going to be an important issue. I will look for those judges who have
an outstanding judicial record, who have the intellect, and who hopefully have a
sense of what real-world folks are going through... I think that it’s important
for judges to understand that if a woman is out there trying to raise a family,
trying to support her family, and is being treated unfairly, then the court has
to stand up, if nobody else will. And that’s the kind of judge that I want.
I don't know how Obama calls himself a constitutional lawyer when he doesn't even believe the constitution deserves consideration in the nominating process. His is the vacuous "living constitution" argument that says the constitution should mean different things depending on the zeitgeist of the time or the political preferences of the judge.
But the constitution is a legal document, a contract that was intended to be interpreted within its four corners. If somethings not there, then it's up to the people and their representatives to decide what to do, not nine lawyers handing down decrees from on high. Obama and his leftist allies take the view that the constitution can mean anything, which is to say it means nothing.
Democrats have been trying to circumvent legislatures and the people through judicial fiat for a while and two or three Obama picks will do that for generations. The country will in time become unrecognizable from that which was originally envisioned and The Bill of Rights, Constitution and The Declaration of Independence will be reduced to quaint museum pieces.
Only a very small (but certainly important) part of what the Supreme Court does in deciding cases involves interpreting the Constitution. There is nothing inconsistent between the two expressed views quoted in your piece. Having said that, there are also strict constructionists who disagree with the "original intent" approach (i.e. trying to figure out what "the framers" meant -- there was much disagreement among the framers)and believe you can only look at the text ("textualists") of the Constitution to discern its meaning, not try to psychoanalyze a particular framer. Thus, you don't have to be a liberal to reject original intent.
ReplyDeleteClarence Thomas made an utterly simplistic argument. First, the framers themselves disagreed on what the constitution meant. Also, the historical record itself is not always consistent, clear or available. Accordingly, originalism is not inherently objective. It involves value judgments. Often it means you look to history to find the "framer" who supported your argument.
ReplyDeleteAnother problem with the notion that originalism is value-neutral is the problem with framing the question. We can frame issues broadly or narrowly. Is there a constitutional right to an abortion? Is there a right to "liberty"? The second right is clearly in the text. The first one is not. But what does "liberty" mean? How do we determine this? Do we limit rights to only those that existed in 1868, when the Fourteenth Amendment was ratified? Also, what do we make of the Ninth Amendment, which explicitly says that the listing of rights in the constitution is not exhaustive -- it does not disparage other "rights" retained by the people. Problem: it does not tell us what those rights are, only that they exist.
Also - the notion that we need an amendment everytime an issue comes up that is not explicitly in the constitution would be paralyzing. There is so much ambiguity in the text. What is "equal protection"? What is "commerce among the several states"? What is "cruel and unusual punishment"? These things are actually in the text, but lack clear guidance. If you are going to invite "the people" into the deliberations, you won't accomplish much.
Finally, why should we believe that the Framers intended that we narrowly construe the text of the document and remain hobbled by their minds? Perhaps the framers were in favor of a flexible reading. Alexander Hamilton was. Jefferson was not -- until he became president! Under a rigid view of text and framers intent, we probably could not have an air force - given that the Framers could not have anticipated air travel and the text does not mention having an airforce - just an army and navy.
I've said enough. Goodbye.